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Vol. 18 (2015 year), No. 2
Melnikov N. N., Konukhin V. P., Naumov V. A., Gusak S. A.
Reactor units for power supply of remote
and inaccessible regions: Selection issue
The paper briefly presents the problem aspects on power supply for the remote and inaccessible regions of Russia. Reactor units of different type and installed electric capacity have been considered in relation to the issue of power supply during mineral deposit development in the Chukotka autonomous region, Yakutia and Irkutsk region. Some preliminary assessment of the possible options for use of small nuclear power plants in various sectors of energy consumption have been carried out based on the analysis of different scenarios for economic development of the regions considered
(in Russian, стр.11, fig. 0, tables. 1, ref 18, Adobe PDF, Adobe PDF 0 Kb)
Vol. 20 (2017 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2017-20-1/1
Mel'nikov N. N., Gusak S. A., Naumov V. A.
Reactor units for power supply to the Russian Arctic regions: Priority assessment of nuclear energy sources
Under conditions of competitiveness of small nuclear power plants (SNPP) and feasibility of their use to supply power to remote and inaccessible regions the competition occurs between nuclear energy sources, which is caused by a wide range of proposals for solving the problem of power supply to different consumers in the decentralized area of the Russian Arctic power complex. The paper suggests a methodological approach for expert assessment of the priority of small power reactor units based on the application of the point system. The priority types of the reactor units have been determined based on evaluation of the unit's conformity to the following criteria: the level of referentiality and readiness degree of reactor units to implementation; duration of the fuel cycle, which largely determines an autonomy level of the nuclear energy source; the possibility of creating a modular block structure of SNPP; the maximum weight of a transported single equipment for the reactor unit; service life of the main equipment. Within the proposed methodological approach the authors have performed a preliminary ranking of the reactor units according to various criteria, which allows quantitatively determining relative difference and priority of the small nuclear power plants projects aimed at energy supply to the Russian Arctic. To assess the sensitivity of the ranking results to the parameters of the point system the authors have observed the five-point and ten-point scales under variations of importance (weights) of different criteria. The paper presents the results of preliminary ranking, which have allowed distinguishing the following types of the reactor units in order of their priority: ABV-6E (ABV-6M), "Uniterm" and SVBR-10 in the energy range up to 20 MW; RITM-200 (RITM-200M), KLT-40S and SVBR-100 in the energy range above 20 MW.
(in Russian, стр.10, fig. 0, tables. 6, ref 12, Adobe PDF, Adobe PDF 0 Kb)
Vol. 23 (2020 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2020-23-1
Gusak S. A., Orlov A. O., Smirnov Y. G., Biryukov V. V., Palivoda A. A.
Assessment of the efficiency of passive thermal protection system of rock massif
The problem of ensuring the stability of rock mass is of particular importance in the conditions of thermal interaction of mine workings with permafrost rocks. The paper presents the results of studying the effectiveness of passive thermal protection system of permafrost massif. Based on a numerical modeling by use of ANSYS FLUENT software complex, studies of thermal interaction of a large-span chamber working and permafrost massif have been performed. On the example of a hypothetical three-dimensional model of mine working with different variations in the material composition of the protective structure (lining) of working and the use of convective heat transfer in the technological channel (air gap), it has been performed the calculated study of the features of the temperature regime of the lining structural elements. There has been carried the estimation of the predicted depth of thawing of rock depending on the design and material composition of the lining and the duration of the thermal impact on the rock massif. The influence of the thermal resistance of the mine working protective structure on the depth and dynamics of thawing rock massif has been studied, the structure determines the conditions of preservation of its cryogenic state and requirements for mining systems of regulation of the thermal regime. The temperature gradients formed in the structural elements of the lining, which can contribute to the occurrence of thermal stresses that have a negative impact on the stress-strain state of the protective structure of the mine working have been founded. On the example of the accepted model representations of the technological channel (temperature of the entering air, width of the channel) the weak influence of heat exchange due to free convection on the intensity of thermal interaction of the working and rock massif has been shown. To reduce the thermal impact on the protective structure of the mine working and the permafrost massif it is necessary to increase the intensity of heat exchange in the technological channel by decreasing the temperature of the air entering the channel, or using the forced convection based on the organization of a special ventilation system.
(in Russian, стр.7, fig. 6, tables. 2, ref 11, AdobePDF, AdobePDF 0 Kb)
Vol. 27 (2024 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2024-27-1
The analysis of the conditions and limitations of using the Lichtenecker and Lichtenecker – Asaad models for predictive assessment of the effective thermal conductivity of rocks have been carried out. For a comparative assessment, experimental data on the thermal conductivity of carbonate rocks (limestone, dolomite) from the South-West German Molasse basin, the Chicxulub impact structure (Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico) and the Bazhenov Formation (Western Siberia, Russia) have been considered. Comparative assessments were carried out based on the use of correlation relationships obtained by the authors of experimental works as a result of regression analysis of the petrophysical properties of carbonate rocks. The results of the computational and analytical assessment have shown that the highest accuracy of thermal conductivity prediction using the Lichtenecker – Asaad model can be achieved if experimental data are available that provide a highly accurate determination of the structure factor. The features of the influence of various parameters of the Lichtenecker – Asaad model on the error in estimating the effective thermal conductivity of the rock have been studied. It has been established that at the stage of pre-design research, the Lichtenecker model can be used for a fairly correct theoretical assessment of the thermal conductivity of water-saturated, slightly porous rocks.
(in Russian, стр.9, fig. 7, tables. 1, ref 16, AdobePDF, AdobePDF 0 Kb)